z]o/, l8j]~r/ / j08

z]o/sf] b/vf:t M

lgudsf] z]o/ vl/b ug{ rfxg] JolQmn] tf]lsPsf] 9f+rfdf b/vf:t lbg' kg]{5 .

pkbkmf #=!=! jdf]lhd b/vf:t k7fpbf b/vf:tjfnfn] ;f] b/vf:t;fy cfkm"n] lng] z]o/sf] d"No jfkt ljj/0fkqdf pNn]v ul/Pjdf]lhdsf] k]ZsL /sd k7fpg' kg]{5 . k]ZsL ;fy gk7fOPsf] b/vf:t dfGo x'g] 5}g .

z]o/ v/Lbsf] nflu b/vf:t lbg] clGtd Dofb gf3]sf] ^ dlxgfleq lgudn] ;se/ ;a} b/vf:tJfnfn] z]o/ kfpg] u/L z]o/sf] jfF8kmfF8 ug'{ kg]{5 .

pkbkmf #=!=# jdf]lhdsf] Dofbleq lgudn] z]o/sf] jfF8kmfF8 ug{ g;s] pkbkmf #=!=@ jdf]lhd k|fKt /sd / ;f] /sd k|fKt ePsf] ldltb]lvsf] jflif{s bz k|ltztsf b/n] ;f] /sdsf] Jofh ;d]t lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

z]o/sf] k|df0fkq M

k|To]s z]onfnfnfO{ lghn] lnPsf] z]o/sf] tf]lsPsf] 9frfdf k|df0fkq lbOg]5 . ;f] k|df0fkqdf lgudsf] gfd, z]o/sf] df]n / hf/L ePsf] ldlt ;d]t n]vL sDtLdf b'O{hgf ;+rfnssf] ;xL k/]sf] / lgudsf] 5fk nfu]sf] x'g' kg]{5 / cf+lzs ?kdf dfq z]o/sf] d"No j'emfPsf]df e'Qmfg ePsf] / x'g jf+sL /sdsf] c+s ;d]t ;f] k|df0fkqdf cufl8 k§L :ki6 n]lvPsf] x'g' kg]{5 .

b'O{ jf ;f] eGbf a9L JolQmx?n] ;femf eO{ lnPsf] z]o/ jfkt pkbkmf #=@=! jdf]lhdsf] k|df0fkq lbbf To:tf ;fem]bf/x? ;a}sf] gfd k|df0fkqdf hgfO{ ;f] dWo] s;}nfO{ lbg ;lsg]5 .

z]o/sf] k|df0fkq x/fPdf jf gf]S;fg ePdf z]o/jfnfn] ;f] x/fPsf] jf gf]S;fg ePsf] yfxf kfPsf] k}tL; lbgleq ;f] Joxf]/fsf] b/vf:t lgudsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf lbg' kg]{5 .

pkbkmf #=@=# jdf]lhd s;}sf] b/vf:t kg{ cfPdf lghnfO{ csf]{ k|df0fkq lbbf s;}nfO{ jfwf lj/f]w 5 eg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] k}tL; lbgleq ph"/ ug{ cfpg' egL k|d'v kq klqsfx?df ;'rgf k|sflzt u/L ;f] Dofbgdf s;}sf] ph"/ kg{ cfof] / To;df xs j]xs ug'{ kg]{ b]lvof] eg] cbfntaf6 xs j]xs sfod u/fO{ cfP kl5 sf/jfxL{ ug]{ egL b'j} kIfnfO{ hgfp lbg' kg]{5 . ;f] Dofbdf s;}sf] ph"/ gk/]df ePsf] Joxf]/f hgfO{ lgudn] csf]{ k|df0fkq lbg' kg]{5 / ;f] s'/f z]o/jfnfsf] btf{ lstfjdf klg hgfO{/fVg' kg]{5 .

j08 jf l8j]~r/ hf/L ug]{ M

j08 jf l8j]Gr/ hf/L ug{ cfjZos k/]df ;ldltn] pkbkmf #=#=@ / #=#=# sf] cwLgdf /xL bkmf @=$ jdf]lhd ljj/0fkq k|sflzt u/L j08 jf l8j]Gr/ hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .

lgudsf] crn hfoh]yf lwtf] n]vL j08 jf l8j]Gr/ hf/L ug'{ ePdf ;f] s'/f g]kfn /fi6" a}+sdf k]z u/L :jLs[t eP kl5 dfq hf/L ug'{ kg]{5 .
#=#=# lgudsf] hfoh]yf lwtf] gn]vL j08 jf l8j]Gr/ hf/L ul/Psf]df ;f] hf/L ul/Psf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq ;f] s'/f g]kfn /fi6" a}+sdf n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 .

k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lgudn] cl3Nnf ;fx"x?nfO{ n]lvlbPsf] lwtf]n] vfd];Dd ;f]xL lwtf] /fvL cl3sf] ;fx" / y}nL ;d]t ;a} :ki6 b]vfO{ c? ;fx";+u klg shf{ lng ;Sg]5 .

k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lgudn] lnPsf] jf lbPsf] C0fsf] zt{ efvf / Jofh ;DjGwL s'/fx? ;fx" cf;fdL jLr ePsf] lnvt jdf]lhd x'g]5 .

lgudn] cfkm"n] hf/L u/]sf] j08 jf l8j]Gr/ lng] k|To]s ;fx"x?sf] gfd gfd];L, j08 jf l8j]Gr/sf] /sd / cGo cfjZos ljj/0fx? n]vL Pp6f 5'§} lstfj v8f u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .

z]o/sf] x:tfGt/0f M
lgudsf] z]o/ o; P]gsf] cwLgdf /xL rn ;DklQ ;/x xs 5f]8L lbg jf lwtf] jGws /fVg ;lsg]5 .

z]o/ x:tfGt/0fsf] hgfp btf{ ug]{ M

bkmf #=$ jdf]lhd z]o/ lwtf] jGws lbPsf]df ;f] Joxf]/f lgudsf] >]:tfdf hgfpgsf lgldQ lwtf] jGws lng]n] tf]lsPsf] 9frfsf] b/vf:t;fy ;DjlGwt lnvtsf] Ps k|lt / bkmf #=@ jdf]lhdsf] k|df0fkq ;d]t lgudsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 / ;f] jdf]lhd b/vf:t k/]df lgudn] klg pkbkmf #=%=# jdf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .

bkmf #=$ jdf]lhd z]o/ xs 5f]8L lbPsf]df ;f] lng] JolQmn] tf]lsPsf] 9frfsf] b/vf:t;fy ;DjlGwt lnvtsf] Ps k|lt / bkmf #=@ jdf]lhdsf] k|df0fkq ;d]t lgudsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 / ;f] jdf]lhd b/vf:t k/]df lgudn] pkbkmf #=%=# jdf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .

pkbkmf #=%=! jf #=%=@ jdf]lhd s;}sf] s'g} b/vf:t k/]df ;f] b/vf:t cfkm" 5]p bflvn ePsf k}lt; lbg;Dd klg ;fljs z]o/jfnfsf] s'g} ph"/ cfPg eg] bkmf #=^ jdf]lhd OGsf/ ul/Psf]df jfx]s lwtf] jGws lbP lnPsf]df lstfjdf kmnfgf ldltdf kmnfgfnfO{ olt /sddf of] zt{df jGws k/]sf] eGg];Dd hgfO{ /fvL z]o/jfnfn] lgvg]sf] hgfp kfP kl5 ;f] jGwssf] nut sfl6lbg / xs 5f]8L lbP lnPsf]df ;f] lnvtsf] 5f]6s/L Joxf]/f ;d]t bzf{O{ ;fljsjfnfsf] gfd vf/]h u/L xfnjfnfsf] gfddf bflvn btf{ ul/lbg' kg]{5 . ;f] x:tfGt/0f ;DjGwdf xs j]xs;DjGwL s'g} s'/fsf] ph"/ k/]df cbfntaf6 clGtd lg0f{o ePjdf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .

pkbkmf #=%=# jdf]lhd z]o/ bflvn vf/]h ubf{ tf]lsPsf] 9frfsf] lstfjdf bflvn vf/]h u/L ;ldltsf] clws[t k|ltlglwn] k|dfl0ft ug'{ kg]{5 .
#=%=% pkbkmf #=%=$ jdf]lhd z]o/ jGws /x]sf] s'/f >]:tfdf hgfpg jf z]o/ bflvn vf/]h ug{sf] lgldQ b/vf:tjfnfn] lgudnfO{ bz ?k}of+ b:t'/ j'emfpg' kg]{5 .

z]o/ x:tfGt/0fsf] hgfp btf{ ug{ OGsf/ ug{ ;lsg] M

b]xfosf] cj:yfdf lgudn] z]o/ lwtf] jGws /flvPsf] s'/f >]:tfdf hgfpg jf xs 5f]8L lnP lbPsf]df To:sf] bflvn vf/]h u/L lbg OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 M-

z]o/ jfkt dfu ul/Psf] ls:tfsf] k"/f /sd e'Qmfg gul/Psf] ePdf .

bkmf #=% jdf]lhd k7fpg' kg]{ lnvt / z]o/sf] k|df0fkq b/vf:t ;fy k]z x'g gcfPdf .

of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t jg]sf] ljlgod jdf]lhd z]o/ x:tfGt/0f ug{ s'g} jfwf ePdf, jf

pkbkmf #=%=% jdf]lhd b:t'/ bflvn gu/]df .

pkbkmf #=^=! jdf]lhd z]o/ jGws /x]sf] jf xs 5f]8L lbPsf] s'/f >]:tfdf hgfpg jf bflvn vf/]h ug{ lgudn] OGsf/ u/]df b/vf:t k/]sf] ldltn] k}tL; lbgleq OGsf/ ul/lbPsf] s'/fsf] ;'rgf z]o/ lng] lbg] b'j}nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

z]o/ bflvn vf/]h x'g] cGo cj:yf M
JolQmut gfddf z]o/ lng] s'g} z]o/jfnf d/L jf lghsf] cfˆgf] hfoh]yf ;fx"nfO{ bfdf;fxL u/fO{ jf c? s'g} Joxf]/fn] z]o/df k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"g jdf]lhd c? s;}sf] xs x'g cfPdf ;f] s'/fsf] ;j"b ;fy ;f] xs k|fKt ug]{ JolQmn] lguddf b/vf:t lbPdf pkbkmf #=^=! sf] cwLgdf /xL ;f] z]o/ lghsf] gfddf bflvn vf/]h ul/g]5 .

z]o/jfnfsf] btf{ lstfj M

lgudn] tf]lsPsf] 9frfsf] lstfjdf z]o/sf] l;nl;n]jf/ gDj/sf] qmdfg';f/ k|To]s z]o/jfnfsf] ;DjGwdf b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfO{ btf{ u/L lgudsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf /fVg' kg]{5 M

tLg k':t] gfd / 7]ufgf

z]o/jfnfsf] ?kdf lghsf] gfd btf{ ePsf] ldlt .

lghn] lnPsf] z]o/sf] k|df0fkqsf] qmd ;+Vof .

lghn] lnPsf] z]o/sf] hDdf df]n dWo] lghaf6 c;"n ePsf] /sd, /

z]o/jfnfsf] btf{ lstfjdf lghsf] gfd vf/]h ePsf] ldlt .
t/ >L % sf] ;/sf/ jf s'g} sDkgL, kmd{ jf ;+u7Lt ;+:yf z]o/jfnf ePsf]df pkbkmf

jdf]lhd tLgk':t] gfdsf] ;§f cj:yfg';f/ >L % sf] ;/sf/ jf ;+u7Lt ;+:yfsf] gfd dfq hgfOg]5 .

pkbkmf #=*=! jdf]lhd /flvPsf] lstfj lgudsf] s'g} z]o/jfnfn] lg/LIf0f ug{ rfx]df lg/LIf0f ug{ lbg' kg]{5 .
t/ g]kfnsf] k|d'v kqklqsfx?df ;ft lbg cufj} ;"rgf k|sflzt u/fO{ Ps jif{df k}tfln; lbgdf gj9fO{ Ps k6sdf j9Ldf tLg lbg;Dd lgudn] ;f] lstfjsf] lg/LIf0f jGb ug{ ;Sg]5 .

s;}n] pkbkmf #=*=! jdf]lhdsf] lstfjsf] gSsn lng rfx]df pkbkmf #=*=@ sf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+z jdf]lhd lg/LIf0f jGb ul/Psf] cj:yfdf jfx]s lgudn] bz ?k}of+ b:t'/ lnO{ gSsn lbg' kg]{5 .

z]o/, l8j]Gr/, j08 / C0fsf] nut M

lgudn] k|To]s jif{ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef x'bf To; jif{ sfod /x]sf / vf/]h ePsf z]o/jfnfx?sf] nut tof/ u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .

pkbkmf #=(=! jdf]lhd tof/ ul/g] nutdf xfn / ;fljssf z]o/jfnfx?sf] gfd / 7]ufgf n]vL xfn sfod /x]sf z]o/jfnfx?sf] gfddf /x]sf z]o/sf] ;+Vof, lghx? dWo] s;}n] z]o/ x:tfGt/0f u/]sf] 5 eg] ;f] s'/f >]:tfdf hgfPsf] jf bflvn vf/]h ePsf] ldlt / To:tf z]o/sf] ;+Vof / ;f] s'/fx?sf cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fx? ;d]t :ki6 b]lvg] u/L tf]lsPsf] 9frfdf /fVg' kg]{5 M

lgudsf] clws[t k'hL / z]o/sf] ;+Vof .

hf/L ePsf] z]o/ k'+hL .

z]o/ lkR5] ls:tf tnj ePsf] /sd .

ls:tf c;'n ePsf] hDdf /sd .

ls:tf c;"n x'g jfsL /x]sf] hDdf /sd .

z]o/, l8j]Gr/ jf j08df ls:tf ePsf] jf bnfnL b:t'/ jfkt lbPsf] hDdf /sd .

lgudaf6 s'g} z]o/ hkmt ul/Psf] eP To:tf] z]o/sf] hDdf ;+Vof, hkmt ePsf] sf/0f / ldlt .

nut tof/ ePsf] ldlt;Dd z]o/jfnfx?nfO{ k|df0fkq lbOPsf] z]o/sf] hDdf /sd .

z]o/sf] k|To]s k|df0fkqdf n]lvPsf] z]o/sf] ;+Vof .

jxfn /x]sf] ;+rfnssf] gfd / 7]ufgf .

lgudn] cfˆgf] hfoh]yf lwtf] jGws /fvL lnPsf] C0f / hf/L u/]sf] l8j]Gr/ / j08 .

lgudn] lwtf] jGws g/fvL lnPsf] C0f / hf/L u/]sf] l8j]Gr/ / j08 .

cGo cfjZos s'g} ljifo .

pkbkmf #=(=! jdf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] nut lgudn] k|To]s jif{ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ePsf] ldltn] k}tL; lbgleq ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 / To;df n]lvPsf] ;a} Joxf]/f 7Ls b'?:t 5 eGg] k|dfl0ft u/L lgudsf b'O{hgf ;+rfnsn] ;d]t ;xL u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .

z]o/sf] bfjL M
z]o/jfnfx?n] lgudnfO{ ltg'{ kg]{ z]o/sf] ls:tfsf] jfsL /sd jfkt lghx?sf gfpdf btf{ /x]sf z]o/ / ;f] jfkt jfl8g] d'gfkmf ;d]t lgudn] /f]Ssf ug{ / d'gfkmfaf6 lng ;Sg]5 .

z]o/ jfktsf] /sd e'QmfgL M

z]o/sf] ls:tf tnj ubf{ lgudn] k|To]s z]o/jfnfsf] gfddf z]o/jfnfn] ls:tf j'emfpg' kg]{ ;do / :yfg vf]nL tL; lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ tf]lsPjdf]lhdsf] lnvt ;"rgf k7fpg' kg]{5 / ;f] s'/f g]kfnsf k|d'v kqklqsfdf ;d]t k|sflzt u/fpg' kg]{5 .

z]o/ jfktsf] /sd e'QmfgL ls:tf tnj ul/Psf] ;dodf j'emfO{ r'Qmf ug'{ kg]{5 .

s'g} z]o/jfnfn] z]o/sf] ls:tf tnj ul/Psf] /sd e'Qmfg ug'{kg]{ Dofbleq e'Qmfg gu/]df ;f] Dofb gf3]sf] ldltn] kGw| lbgsf] yk Dofb lbO{ ;f] Dofbleq j'emfpg NofP jflif{s bz k|ltztsf b/n] Jofh ;d]t nufO{ j'lemlng] / ;f] Dofbdf j'emfpg gNofP lghsf] z]o/ hkmt x'g] s'/f :ki6 vf]nL dgfl;j Dofb tf]sL ;DjlGwt z]o/jfnfnfO{ ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 / To:tf] ;"rgf k|d'v kqklqsfdf k|sflzt u/fpg' kg]{5 . ;f] jdf]lhdsf] ;"rgfsf] Dofbleq ls:tf tnj ul/Psf] /sd j'emfpg NofP jflif{s bz k|ltztsf b/n] Jofh;d]t nufO{ j'lemlng] / ;f] Dofbdf klg ls:tf gj'emfPdf h'g z]o/sf] ;DjGwdf ;f] ;"rgf lbOPsf] xf] ;f] z]o/ hkmt x'g]5 . t/ ;f] z]o/jfnfn] ;f] ls:tf j'emfpg g;s]sf] s'g} dgfl;j sf/0f b]vfO{ ;f] Dofb gf3]sf] tLg dlxgfleq b/vf:t lbPdf ;dltn] ;f] z]o/ jfkt e'QmfgL eP hlt /sdsf] r'Qmf ls:tfsf] z]o/sf] ?kdf sfod /fVg ;Sg]5 .
#=!!=$ pkbkmf #=!!=# jdf]lhd hkmt ul/Psf] z]o/ of] P]g jf o; Pg] cGtu{t jg]sf ljlgodsf] cwLgdf /xL ;ldltn] dgfl;j 7x/fPsf] zt{ / tl/sfaf6 ljqmL ug{ jf c? s'g} k|sf/n] lbg jf vf/]h ug{ ;Sg]5 .

z]o/, l8j]Gr/df xsbf/ x'g] M
lgudsf] z]o/, l8j]Gr/ OToflb lgudsf] /lhi6"f/df h;sf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] 5 lgudn] p;}nfO{ To;sf] xsbf/ ;Demg]5 .

k"+hL jf/]sf] ;"rgf M
lgudn] p7fpg] clwsf/ kfPsf] k"+hL jf/]sf] ;"rgf, lj1fkg OToflb k|slzt ubf{ ljqmL ul/Psf] z]o/ / To;dWo] c;"n ePsf] /sd;d]t :ki6 b]lvg] u/L k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 .